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The Virtue of Selfishness
''The Virtue of Selfishness: A New Concept of Egoism'' is a 1964 collection of essays and papers by Ayn Rand and Nathaniel Branden. Most of the essays originally appeared in ''The Objectivist Newsletter'', except for "The Objectivist Ethics", which was a paper Rand delivered at the University of Wisconsin during a symposium on "Ethics in Our Time".〔; 〕 The book covers ethical issues from the perspective of Rand's Objectivist philosophy. Some of its themes include the identification and validation of egoism as a rational code of ethics, the destructiveness of altruism, and the nature of a proper government. The book is also notable for its original formulation of the non-aggression principle. In an essay called "Man's Rights," Rand wrote: "The precondition of a civilized society is the barring of physical force from social relationships. ... In a civilized society, force may be used only in retaliation and only against those who initiate its use."''〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Nature of Government (December 1963, from The Virtue of Selfishness, 1961, 1964) )〕
==Publishing history==
The idea of creating a collection of Rand's essays initially came from Bennett Cerf of Random House, who had published two of Rand's previous books, ''Atlas Shrugged'' and ''For the New Intellectual''. Rand proposed a collection of articles to be titled ''The Fascist New Frontier'', after a Ford Hall Forum speech she had given criticizing the views of President John F. Kennedy. Uncomfortable with Rand's comparison of Kennedy to Adolf Hitler, Cerf asked that Rand choose a different title essay. She rejected this request and dropped Random House (as well as ending her friendship with Cerf), choosing New American Library as the publisher for her new book. ''The Virtue of Selfishness'' not only bore a different title, it did not even include her piece on Kennedy. He had been assassinated before it was released, making the point of the essay moot.〔; 〕
The book became one of Rand's strongest-selling works of nonfiction, selling over 400,000 copies in the first four months of its release,〔; 〕 and over 1.35 million copies by 2014.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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